引力波探测——面向前沿的科学与技术挑战

张天才; 郑耀辉; 牛家树

doi:10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.002

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引力波探测——面向前沿的科学与技术挑战

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- 引力波探测——面向前沿的科学与技术挑战
- Gravitational waves detection: Frontier-oriented scientific and technological challenges
- 新兴科学和技术趋势 2022年1卷第1期页码：10-23
- 作者机构：
  
  1.山西大学光电研究　所量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室，山西　太原　030006
  2.山西大学　理论物理研究所，山西　太原　030006
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张天才，山西大学量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室教授，国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，教育部“长江学者”特聘教授，“三晋学者”特聘教授，中国物理学会理事，山西省物理学会理事长，曾任中国物理学会量子光学专业委员会主任，多家国内外期刊编委；主要从事量子光学、冷原子物理、激光技术和精密测量方面的研究；在Phys. Rev. Lett.，Nat. Comm.等学术期刊发表论文230余篇，参与出版著作3部，获国家发明专利16项；主持完成国家重点研发计划课题、基金委重大研究计划和重点项目等多项，教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”负责人。E-mail：tczhang@sxu.edu.cn" ]
  [ "郑耀辉，教授，国家杰出青年基金获得者，青年“三晋学者”特聘教授，山西省中青年拔尖创新人才；主要致力于激光技术、光量子器件等方面的实验研究，及成果转化工作；作为项目负责人先后承担国家重大科研仪器设备研制项目、国家自然科学基金重点项目、区域联合基金集成项目、国家重点研发计划、国家863计划、军委科技委创新特区项目、总装航天科工联合基金等科研项目；在Phys Rev Lett等杂志发表学术论文80余篇；授权美国、中国等国发明专利50余项；获山西省科学技术一等奖2次。E-mail：yhzheng@sxu.edu.cn" ]
  [ "牛家树，男，讲师；博士，硕士生导师；山西大学数学与应用数学学士，北京师范大学天文系天体物理硕士，中国科学院理论物理研究所理论物理博士；Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences期刊客座编辑，The Astrophysical Journal等期刊审稿人；现阶段主要研究领域为宇宙线物理与恒星物理；主持和完成国家自然科学基金2项；在银河系宇宙线、暗物质探测和星震学方面做出了一些原创性的工作。E-mail：jsniu@sxu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2200402;2017YFA0304502);国家基金重点项目(11634008);国家区域创新发展联合基金集成项目(U21A6006);山西省科技厅专项资助
- DOI：10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.002
  中图分类号： TP212
- 纸质出版日期：2022-09，
  
  收稿日期：2022-03-31，
  
  修回日期：2022-05-08，
- 稿件说明：
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张天才,郑耀辉,牛家树.引力波探测——面向前沿的科学与技术挑战[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2022,1(1):10-23.

ZHANG Tiancai, ZHENG Yaohui, NIU JiaShu. Gravitational waves detection: Frontier-oriented scientific and technological challenges. [J]. Emerging Science and Technology, 2022,1(1):10-23.
张天才,郑耀辉,牛家树.引力波探测——面向前沿的科学与技术挑战[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2022,1(1):10-23. DOI： 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.002.

ZHANG Tiancai, ZHENG Yaohui, NIU JiaShu. Gravitational waves detection: Frontier-oriented scientific and technological challenges. [J]. Emerging Science and Technology, 2022,1(1):10-23. DOI： 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.002.

摘要

引力波探测是一项重大国际前沿科技研究，不光对探索许多基础科学问题具有重大意义，而且面临着极大的技术挑战：涉及了多学科交叉的若干重大技术问题。本文介绍了引力波探测的历史背景、科学意义及其对技术进步的推动作用；介绍了引力波探测的基本途径，特别是新一代引力波探测的关键技术方法：包括长臂激光干涉仪、先进激光技术、真空技术、隔振悬挂技术以及最新的与量子技术的结合。此外，我们还介绍了目前国内外引力波探测的现状，并对国内建设地基引力波探测的可行性进行了分析。基于此，我们提出了整合国内优势力量，利用废弃地下矿井，结合我国先进激光和量子光源技术，建设10 km左右的地基引力波探测装置的设想。

Abstract

Gravitational waves (GWs) detection is a major international cutting-edge research in science and technology

which is of great importance to the exploration of many fundamental scientific problems

and also faces great technical challenges involving a number of major technical issues in the intersection of multiple disciplines. This review introduces the history

the scientific significance and the contributions to technological progress of the GWs detection. It also introduces the main paths of the GWs detection

especially the key technological approaches for the next-generation GWs detection

including the long-arm laser interferometer

advanced laser technologies

ultra-high vacuum technology

advanced vibration isolated suspension technology

and their combinations with the latest quantum technologies. This paper also introduces the research status of the GWs detection at home and abroad

and discusses the feasibility of building the ground-based GWs detection in China. Based on this

the authors have proposed a vision of building a 10 km ground-based GWs detection device in abandoned underground mines with the help of the advanced technologies of laser and quantum light sources.

关键词

引力波探测干涉仪激光技术量子光源

Keywords

gravitational waves detectioninterferometerlaser technologyquantum light sources

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